Interview questions for TCS (Part-2)

An Overview

TCS (Tata Consultancy Service) Limited is an Indian multinational company which deals in consultancy service and Information technology. It is headquartered in Mumbai, India. It is a part of the Tata group and operates in 46 countries.
TCS is one of the largest Indian company by market capitalization and one of the most trusted Indian brands worldwide. It alone generates 70% of the dividends of its parent company Tata Sons.
TCS conducts three rounds of interview to select any fresher candidate as a software developer in their company.
1. Aptitude test
2. Technical interview
3. HR interview
The recruitment drive of TCS starts with a written test followed by face to face interview. A recruiter may also conduct campus group discussion for software engineer candidates.

Top Interview questions for TSC

1. Explain static variable?

It is an access specifier. The value of a static variable does not change during the execution of the program.

2. What are the four basic principles of OOPS?

The four basic principles of Object-Oriented Programming System are listed below:
o Abstraction: Abstraction is a process of hiding the implementation details and showing only functionality to the user. For example, sending SMS where you type the text and send the message. You don’t know the internal processing about the message delivery.  Abstraction lets you focus on what the object does instead of how it does it.
o Inheritance: Inheritance in Java is a mechanism in which one object acquires all the properties and behaviors of a parent object.
o Encapsulation: Encapsulation in Java is a process of wrapping code and data together into a single unit, for example, a capsule which is mixed of several medicines.
o Polymorphism: Polymorphism in Java is a concept by which we can perform a single action in different ways. Polymorphism is derived from 2 Greek words: poly and morphs. The word “poly” means many and “morphs” means forms. So polymorphism means many forms.

3. Explain function overloading concept?

It is a feature of C++ that allows you to create more than one function with a similar name. Functions can be identified using their parameters.

4. Explain two integrity rules used in DBMS?

• Referential integrity rules
• Entity integrity rules
Referential integrity rule states that the database does not contain orphan record foreign key values. In this case, the primary key value cannot be modified if you have used this value as a foreign key in the child table.

5. What is Polymorphism?

Polymorphism is a concept in OOPS which means having many forms. In simple words, it means that different actions will be performed in different instances. Polymorphism is of two types:
1. Method overloading
2. Operator overloading

6. Which programming languages are important for TCS campus interview?

Important programming languages for TCS campus interviews are

1) C programming

2) C++ programming

3) Java programming.

7. Define the term classes and objects?

Class is a building blog of object-oriented programming which contains a group of data member and its function. You can access them by creating an instant class.
An object is a real-world entity. Some examples of the object are computer, notebook, pen and bag.

8. What is software development life-cycle?

Software development life-cycle is steps involved in the life cycle of software development phase. Generally, it is followed by the development team which develops the software in the organization. It consists of a clear explanation of developing and maintaining the software.

9. Define macros?

A macro is a preprocessor directive which replaces the value of a macro.

10. Differentiate structure and arrays?

The primary difference between structure and array is as follows:
An array is a data structure. It contains a group of similar data types.
The structure is user define data type. It contains a group of dissimilar data types.

11. What are loops?

Loops are used to execute block of statement several times in a program depending upon the conditional statement. The basic structure of a circuit is given above in the diagram. For each successful execution of the loop, the conditional statement should be checked. If the conditional statement is true, then the circuit will be executed. If the conditional statement is false, then the course will be terminated.

12. Name various deadlock prevention techniques?

Deadlock prevention techniques are:
• Mutual exclusion
• Resource holding
• No preemption
• Circular wait

13. Explain what command-line argument in C is?

It is a process of getting arguments from the command prompt in C programming. There are three arguments in C main function. Argument counter, Argument vector, and environment vector.

14. Explain the concept of cache memory?

A cache is a small size computer memory that is used by CPU to reduce average cost to access data from main memory.

15. What is the difference between the foreign key and reference key?

Reference Key is the primary key that is referenced in the other table (linked via the other tables Foreign Key). Foreign Key is how you connect the second table to the primary tables Primary Key (or Reference Key).

16. Differentiate between null and void pointer?

A null pointer is a pointer which points to nowhere. It has the value zero. Void pointer is a generic pointer which is introduced by ANSI (American National Standards Institute).

17. What is a digital signature?

It is a technique used to validate the authenticity of the message. A digital signature is actually an encrypted version of the message digest.

18. What is SDLC?

Software development life Cycle or application development lifecycle is a term used in software engineering to describe the process of developing software. This process contains 4 phases: 1) planning, 2) creating, 3) testing and 4) deploying.

19. Difference between pass by reference and pass by value?

Pass by value just passes the value from caller to calling function so the called function cannot modify the values in caller function. But Pass by reference will pass the address to the caller function instead of value if called function requires to modify any value it can directly modify.

20. What is the difference between null and void pointer?

A Null pointer has the value 0. void pointer is a generic pointer introduced by ANSI. Generic pointer can hold the address of any data type.