Interview questions for ABAP Developer

1. Differentiate between Structure and table in the data dictionary of ABAP?

The following are the differences between table and structure –
TABLE STRUCTURE
Table can store data physically. Structure can’t store data physically.
Table can include primary key. Structure can’t include primary key.
Table can include technical attribute. Structure can’t have a technical attribute.

2. Can We Call Reports And Transactions From Interactive Reporting Lists?

Yes. It also allows you to call transactions or other reports from lists. These programs then use values displayed in the list as input values.
o The user can, for example, call a transaction from within a list of change the database table whose data is displayed in the list.

3. Explain the 3-tier architecture of SAP ABAP?

The presentation layer of SAP ABAP includes an input device. The SAP system is controlled by this presentation layer. The presentation can be a mobile phone or just a web browser. The process takes place with the help of Application server. This processing system has various instances in the Application server. A database layer is placed on another server and application server communicates with this layer. This done for security and performance purposes. In this way, all the layers communicate within the system right from the presentation till the database later.

4. How To Select Valid Lines For Secondary List?

1. To prevent the user from selecting invalid lines, ABAP/4 offers several possibilities. At the end of the processing block END-OF-SELECTION, delete the contents of one or more fields you previously stored for valid lines using the HIDE statement.
2. At the event AT LINE-SELECTION, check whether the work area is initial or whether the HIDE statement stored field contents there.
3. After processing the secondary list, clear the work area again. This prevents the user from trying to create further secondary lists from the secondary list displayed.

5. What is the meaning data dictionary in ABAP?

Data dictionary is mainly used for describing the logic behind the structures of certain objects which are used for the development of ABAP 4. Data dictionary is mainly used in the development of such an application or programming language. The relational database is shown with the help of data dictionary in tables.

6. What Are System Fields For Secondary Lists?

SY-LSIND: Index of the list created during the current event (basic list = 0)
SY-LIST1: Index of the list level from which the event was triggered.
SY-LILL1: Absolute number of the line from which the event was triggered.
SY-LISEL: Contents of the line from which the event was triggered.
SY-CUROW: Position of the line in the window from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1)
SY-CUCOL: Position of the column in the window from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 2).
SY-CPAGE: Page number of the first displayed page of the list from which the event was triggered.
SY-STARO: Number of the first line of the first page displayed of the list from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1). Possibly, a page header occupies this line.
SY-STACO: Number of the first column displayed in the list from which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1).
SY-UCOMM: Function code that triggered the event.

7. Define Function Group. What are the differences between Function Module and Function Group?

Function Group and Function Module are said to belong together logically. Function groups are considered to be containers of the Function Modules.
The differences between Function Groups and Function Modules are as follows –
• Function Groups need not be defined in Function Module but however, the latter one must be defined in Function Groups.
• Function Modules are able to be called from various kinds of programs. Function Groups can’t be called.
• Function Groups acts as Function Module’s containers but the latter one doesn’t act as containers.

8. How To Use Messages In Lists?

o ABAP/4 allows you to react to incorrect or doubtful user input by displaying messages that influence the program flow depending on how serious the error was.
o Handling messages is mainly a topic of dialog programming. You store and maintain messages in Table T100. Messages are sorted by language, by a two-character ID, and by a three-digit number.
o You can assign different message types to each message you output. The influence of a message on the program flow depends on the message type. In our program, use the MESSAGE statement to output messages statically or dynamically and to determine the message type.
Syntax: REPORT <rep> MESSAGE-ID <id>.

9. What are the functions of Lock Objects?

The same data can be accessed by various programs and Lock Objects which is a particular feature of ABAP synchronizes the access to these data. Particular programs help in accessing the data records. Sometimes, inconsistencies appear when data gets inserted into the database and in order to avoid this, Lock Object is used.

10. What Are The User Interfaces Of Interactive Lists?

o If you want the user to communicate with the system during list display, the list must be interactive. You can define specific interactive possibilities in the status of the list’s user interface (GUI).
o To define the statuses of interfaces in the R/3 system, use the Menu Painter tool. In the Menu Painter, assign function codes to certain interactive functions. After an user action occurs on the completed interface, the ABAP/4 processor checks the function code and, if valid, triggers the corresponding event.

11. Can We Display A List In A Pop-up Screen Other Than Full-size Stacked List?

Yes, we can display a list in a pop-up screen using the command WINDOW with the additions starting at X1 Y1 and ending at X2 Y2 to set the upper-left and the lower-right corners where x1 y1 and x2 y2 are the coordinates.
When They Get Cursor Command Used In Interactive Lists?
o If the hidden information is not sufficient to uniquely identify the selected line, the command GET CURSOR is used.
o The GET CURSOR command returns the name of the field at the cursor position in a field specified after the addition field, and the value of the selected field in a field specified after value.